Amber in Africa

Amber was very valuable in ancient times and was traded over long distances. It is therefore particularly suitable for uncovering ancient trade networks. So far, there have been detailed studies on amber in antiquity almost exclusively for European sites, but not for Africa. This research gap is to be filled by the current project.

Fragment of a silver necklace with amber inlay from a child's grave in the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Aïn Dalia Kebira, Morocco. © DAI Madrid // María Latova

DAI Standort  Madrid Department

Projektart  Einzelprojekt

Laufzeit  seit 2024

Disziplinen  Afrikanische Archäologie, Archäometrie

Projektverantwortlicher  Dirk Blaschta

Adresse  Calle de Serrano 159 , 28002 Madrid

Email  Dirk.Blaschta@dainst.de

Laufzeit  seit 2024

Projektart  Einzelprojekt

Cluster/Forschungsplan  MAD - Kulturkontakte und ihre Folgen

Fokus  Objektforschung, Thematische Forschung

Disziplin  Afrikanische Archäologie, Archäometrie

Methoden  Materialuntersuchungen

Partner  Universidad de Sevilla, UNIARQ, Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa, La Fondation Nationale des Musées: FNM

Förderer  Madrid Department

Schlagworte  Bernstein, Harz, Schmuck

Projekt-ID  5947

Überblick

Amber as a raw material for jewelry or amulets has been documented in Europe since the Upper Paleolithic and is still popular as a gemstone today. It was probably its translucency and ease of working that made it such a sought-after material. Although numerous amber deposits are known in Europe today, Baltic amber played a central role in prehistory and was traded over long distances as far as the Iberian Peninsula from the Neolithic period onwards. Amber was also a coveted trading object in the Roman Empire. There is sufficient written evidence that the Romans actually obtained their amber from the Baltic or North Sea coast, for example Pliny the Elder reported in his Naturalis historiae that amber was produced on islands in the northern ocean. Until now, research has concentrated on amber finds in Europe and the Levant. Our project aims to include African amber finds in the discussions on the amber trade. Only then can ancient trade networks be better understood. Africa is an important part of this network and must not be ignored.

Fragment of a silver necklace with amber inlay from a child's grave in the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Aïn Dalia Kebira (AD 77), Morocco. © DAI Madrid // María Latova
Fragments of amber beads from a grave of an adult person in the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Djebila (DJ 101), Morocco. Fragments of this bead necklace were identified as Baltic amber using infrared spectroscopy. This is the oldest evidence of Baltic amber in Africa to date. © DAI Madrid // María Latova
Amber fragments of a necklace from the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Djebila (DJ 101) could be clearly identified as Baltic amber in cooperation with the University of Seville and UNIARQ in Lisbon. The sampled bead was tested by Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The bead’s spectrum shows the so-called Baltic shoulder—an intense absorption peak in the 1160–1150 cm−1 range, preceded by a characteristic band between 1250 and 1180 cm−1, typical of ambers from the Baltic. © University of Seville, UNIARQ in Lisbon // Carlos P. Odriozola Lloret, José Ángel Garrido Cordero, José María Martínez-Blanes
Silver finger ring with amber inlay from the grave of an adult from the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Aïn Dalia Kebira (AD 33), Morocco. © DAI Madrid // María Latova
Fragments of amber beads from a grave of an adult person in the Phoenician-Punic necropolis of Djebila (DJ 63), Morocco. © DAI Madrid // María Latova